Laravel 9 Multiple Database Connections

In this tutorial, we will see laravel 9 multiple database connections. we will implement how to use laravel 9 multiple database connections.

Many times we have requirements in our project to use multiple database connections like MySQL, MongoDB, PostgreSQL etc. When you work with a very large amount of projects then you will need to manage multiple database connections. So, in this tutorial, we will see one or more database connections in a single laravel application.

So, let's see multi database connection laravel 9, laravel 9 multiple database connections, multiple database connections in laravel 9 dynamically, how to connect database in laravel 9.

Set both database configurations in a .env file like the below code.

// Database 1

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=database_1
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=

// Database 2

DB_CONNECTION_SECOND=mysql
DB_HOST_SECOND=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT_SECOND=3306
DB_DATABASE_SECOND=database_2
DB_USERNAME_SECOND=root
DB_PASSWORD_SECOND=

Now, as we created a variable in the .env file we need to use that variable on the config file. So let's open the database.php file and add a new connections key as below.

config/database.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return [

    'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),   

    'connections' => [

        .....   

        'mysql' => [

            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'url' => env('DATABASE_URL'),
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'root'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
            'options' => extension_loaded('pdo_mysql') ? array_filter([
                PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA => env('MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA'),
            ]) : [],
        ],

        'mysql2' => [
            'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION_SECOND'),
            'host' => env('DB_HOST_SECOND', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT_SECOND', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_SECOND', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_SECOND', 'root'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_SECOND', ''),
            'unix_socket' => '',
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
        ],

.....   

Sometimes you may wish to use one database connection for SELECT statements, and another for INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements.

'mysql' => [
    'read' => [
        'host' => [
            '192.168.1.1',
            '196.168.1.2',
        ],
    ],
    'write' => [
        'host' => [
            '196.168.1.3',
        ],
    ],
    'sticky' => true,
    'driver' => 'mysql',
    'database' => 'database',
    'username' => 'root',
    'password' => '',
    'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
    'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
    'prefix' => '',
],

Here, I will give you a simple example of how to use multiple connections with migration.

Default Database :

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('id');
        $table->string('name');
        $table->string('email');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Second Database : 

public function up()
{
    Schema::connection('mysql2')->create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('id');
        $table->string('name');
        $table->string('email');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

In this step, we will see the multi-database with a model.

Default :

<?php

namespace App;
  
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
   
class Users extends Model
{
  ....
}

Second :

<?php

namespace App;
  
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
   
class Users extends Model
{
    protected $connection = 'mysql2';
    ...
}

Default :

class UsersController extends BaseController
{
    public function getRecord()
    {
        $users = new Users;
        $find = $users->find(1);
        return $find;
    }
}

Second :

class UsersController extends BaseController
{
    public function getRecord()
    {
        $users = new Users;
        $users->setConnection('mysql2');
        $find = $users->find(1);
        return $find;
    }
}

Default :

$users = DB::table("users")->get();
print_r($users);

Second :

$users = DB::connection('mysql2')->table("users")->get();
print_r($users);

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